Pathophisiology Proctored Exam (Chamberin University) Practice Questions

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• Stage 1
• Stage 4
• Stage 3
• Stage 2

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• Females are carriers when heterozygous, while males show signs of the disorder.
• These disorders are carried on the Y chromosome and can skip generations.
• An affected parent has a 50% probability of passing the disorder to each child.
• There is a 50% probability that each child will be born with the carrier genotype.

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• pH 7.50, PaCO2 44 mm Hg, HCO3 28 mEq/L
• pH 7.34, PaCO2 45 mm Hg, HCO3 21 mEq/L
• pH 7.32, PaCO2 49 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L
• pH 7.46, PaCO2 29 mm Hg, HCO3 25 mEq/L

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• A 21-year-old person with facial trauma after a bicycle accident
• A 72-year-old person with osteoarthritis and chronic knee pain
• A 48-year-old person with a history of elevated cholesterol levels
• A 69-year-old person with a primary immunodeficiency disorder

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• Bradycardia
• Eupnea
• Orthostatic hypotension
• Elevated blood pressure

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• Increased pigmentation of the skin
• Increased weight loss
• Decreased blood pressure
• Decreased immune response

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• Bone resorption exceeds bone formation, leading to fragile bones.
• An abnormal immune response resulting in synovitis and cartilage deterioration.
• Articular cartilage is damaged through erosion resulting from excessive mechanical stress.
• A bone infection that is typically caused by bacteria.

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• Decreased wound healing
• Increased gastric acid secretion
• Increased blood glucose
• Increased immune response
• Decreased blood pressure

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• Ascites
• Hypoalbuminemia
• Hypoglycemia
• Hyperkalemia

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• Metabolic deficit of dystrophin leads to necrosis of muscle cells.
• Infection of the bone caused by bacteria or fungi.
• Loss of bone matrix resulting in thin, fragile bones.
• Degenerative joint disease resulting in loss of cartilage.

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• Decreased calcium
• Decreased T4
• Increased thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
• Increased T3

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• Excessive plasma proteins
• Lymph node dysfunction
• Decreased capillary permeability
• Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure

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• It is caused by the overproduction of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid gland.
• It is caused by a lack of insulin production by the pancreas.
• It is caused by the lack of cortisol and aldosterone production by the adrenal gland.
• It is caused by the overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland.

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• Hypertrophy
• Dysplasia
• Neoplasia
• Metaplasia

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• Platelet-activating factor
• Vasodilation
• Increased capillary permeability
• Vasoconstriction