ATI demsn maternal newborn proctored exam Practice Questions

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  mL

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• 4-2-5-6-1-3
• 2-5-4-6-3-1
• 5-2-4-6-1-3
• 2-4-5-6-1-3

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• The surfactant layer increases alveolar surface tension to stabilize the alveoli during both inhalation and exhalation, preventing overexpansion of the lungs and ensuring steady oxygen diffusion.
• Surfactant is secreted continuously from the fetal trachea throughout gestation to lubricate airways and enhance mucus clearance, facilitating respiratory function immediately after birth.
• Surfactant production peaks at 20 weeks gestation and remains stable throughout pregnancy: therefore, preterm infants born after this point typically do not experience respiratory complications related to lung immaturity.
• Pulmonary surfactant production begins between 24 to 28 weeks gestation, primarily from type II alveolar cells: its primary role is to lower alveolar surface tension, preventing atelectasis and promoting lung compliance, which is critical for effective gas exchange after birth.

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• Patient A-Second stage Patient B-First stage (latent phase Patient C-Third stage Patient D-Fourth stage
• Patient A-First stage Patient B-Second stage Patient C-Third stage Patient D-Fourth stage
• Patient A-Second stage Patient B-Fourth stage Patient C-First stage Patient D-Third stage
• Patient A-Third stage Patient B-Second stage Patient C-Fourth stage Patient D-First stage (transition phase)

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• Lordosis refers to a straightening of the spine to accommodate fetal weight, which reduces flexibility and causes back pain.
• Lordosis is caused by compression of spinal nerves from the expanding uterus and is typically a sign of neurologic compromise.
• Increased lumbar lordosis is a compensatory change in spinal curvature that shifts the center of gravity forward to balance the enlarging uterus.
• Lordosis develops due to increased thoracic spine curvature and leads to shoulder pain in late pregnancy.

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• Platypelloid pelvis
• Gynecoid pelvis
• Anthropoid pelvis
• Android pelvis

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• Prepare for immediate delivery of the placenta
• Limit vaginal examinations to reduce risk of infection during contractions
• Provide emotional support and coaching to the client during pushing efforts
• Assist the client into a position that maximizes comfort and fetal descent, such as semi-Fowler's or side-lying
• Encourage the client to push with contractions using controlled breathing and effort
• Monitor fetal heart rate every 15 minutes or more frequently if indicated

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• "You should take a calcium supplement instead of trying to get calcium from food."
• Try eating calcium-fortified orange juice, tofu, almonds, or canned salmon with bones."
• "Calcium is only available in dairy, so you may have trouble meeting your needs without it."
• "Focus on eating more red meat and whole grains, as they are high in calcium.

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• They occur exclusively in the third trimester due to rapid fetal growth, and their severity is unrelated to genetic or hormonal factors.
• They develop due to the breakdown of elastin and collagen fibers in the dermis caused by mechanical stretching and hormonal influences.
• Striae gravidarum are caused by autoimmune destruction of dermal tissue, commonly seen in women with preexisting autoimmune diseases.
• Striae gravidarum result from increased collagen synthesis and thickening of the dermis due to elevated estrogen levels. making the skin more elastic.

(Select All that Apply.)

• Oblique presentation
• Frank breech presentation
• Transverse presentation
• Compound presentation
• Shoulder presentation
• Cephalic (vertex) presentation